Python examples

These scripts are deliberately small, readable starting points for the equations used throughout the site.

• array_factor.py — steer a uniform linear array and inspect sidelobes/grating lobes.
• link_budget.py — wavelength, free-space path loss and Friis received power.
• lorentz_boris.py — charged-particle motion in uniform electric and magnetic fields using the Boris pusher.
• optical_bloch_two_level.py — driven dissipative two-level atom and steady/transient excited-state population.
• halbach_ideal.py — ideal Halbach-cylinder bore-field scaling and parameter sweep.

Advanced space and RF exercises

• magnetic_boom_model.py — 3-D magnetic dipole contamination of a spacecraft boom-mounted sensor.
• coherent_timing_demo.py — relative carrier phase, frequency error and RF-channel delay.
• doa_array_demo.py — simulated narrowband Bartlett array direction finding with calibrated steering vectors.
• radiometry_photon_budget.py — photon/electron budget for a thermal-infrared blackbody scene.

Each script uses a synthetic, idealized model. Verify assumptions and substitute measured instrument transfer functions before interpreting real data.

Recommended environment

python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate      # Windows: .venv\Scripts\activate
pip install numpy scipy matplotlib

The scripts are educational references, not substitutes for convergence tests or a validated experimental model. Whenever possible compare them with an analytic limiting case and then with a measured observable.